Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

CBSE Class 12 Biology PYQ Analysis (2021–2025)

Chapter Overview & Weightage

Most Important & Repeated Questions (2021–2025)

  • Repeated 4–5 times: What is plant breeding? Explain conventional methods of plant breeding for disease resistance. (3–5 marks)
  • Repeated 4 times: Explain tissue culture technique. Give advantages & applications in plant breeding. (5 marks)
  • Repeated 3–4 times: What is biofortification? Give examples of biofortified crops & their benefits. (3 marks)
  • Repeated 3 times: Explain single cell protein (SCP). Name sources & advantages. (3 marks)
  • Repeated 3 times: Describe animal husbandry practices for dairy & poultry improvement. (5 marks)
  • Repeated 2–3 times: What is bee-keeping (apiculture)? Explain its economic importance. (3 marks)
  • Repeated 2 times: Differentiate between out-breeding, out-crossing & cross-breeding in animal husbandry. (3 marks)
  • Assertion-Reason (2023–2025): Assertion: Tissue culture produces disease-free plants. Reason: Meristem is virus-free. (Both true, reason explains – repeated 2x)

Important Keywords & Concepts to Memorize

  • Plant breeding, hybridization, conventional breeding, mutation breeding, tissue culture (micropropagation, somaclonal variation, embryo culture), biofortification, single cell protein (SCP), Spirulina, mushroom, animal husbandry, dairy farming, poultry farming, fisheries (inland & marine), bee-keeping (apiculture), out-breeding, out-crossing, cross-breeding, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer), superovulation, biofortified crops (golden rice, iron-rich pearl millet), disease resistance (e.g., wheat rust resistance), Pusa varieties.

Exam Strategy for Chapter 9 (2026 Boards)

This is Chapter 9 complete PYQ analysis.
If you want Chapter 10 or any other chapter, just say the chapter number or name.